My Son Sanctuary is one of the most important cultural and historical sites in Vietnam, located in the Quang Nam Province near the town of Hoi An. Known for its ancient temples and sacred ruins, My Son is a UNESCO World Heritage site and an exceptional example of the Hindu civilization in Southeast Asia. The sanctuary, built by the Champa Kingdom between the 4th and 13th centuries, offers a fascinating glimpse into Vietnam's rich cultural heritage, blending religious, architectural, and historical significance.

History and Significance of My Son Sanctuary

The Champa Kingdom and Hindu Influence

My Son Sanctuary was the religious and cultural center of the Champa Kingdom, a powerful Hindu kingdom that ruled central and southern Vietnam from the 2nd to the 19th century. The Champa people were greatly influenced by Indian culture and religion, particularly Hinduism. The sanctuary was dedicated to Shiva, the Hindu god of destruction and transformation, and served as a place of worship and royal rituals.

The Champa kingdom built My Son as a sacred site where kings and elites would come to perform religious ceremonies, including sacrifices and prayers to Shiva. Over time, the site grew to include over 70 temples, many of which are still partially intact today. My Son was also a significant cultural center for the Champa people, with architectural styles and inscriptions reflecting the kingdom’s deep connections to Indian culture.

Decline and Rediscovery

After the Champa Kingdom fell to the Vietnamese in the 15th century, My Son was abandoned and largely forgotten. The complex was later rediscovered by French archaeologists in the early 19th century. Since then, extensive archaeological work has been carried out to study and preserve the site, though much of the original architecture has been lost due to natural weathering and the effects of war.

Despite these challenges, My Son Sanctuary remains an extraordinary testament to the Champa civilization and their deep-rooted Hindu traditions.

The Architecture of My Son Sanctuary

Temple Structures and Layout

The temples in My Son were constructed using red brick, a hallmark of Champa architecture, and many are decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures depicting Hindu deities, animals, and scenes from mythology. The temples are arranged in several groups, each serving different religious and ceremonial purposes. The sanctuary is set within a lush valley surrounded by mountains, giving it a mystical and serene atmosphere.

• Main Temples: The main temples, such as Cham Tower, Brahma Temple, and Shiva Temple, feature large, tower-like structures designed to represent Mount Meru, the sacred mountain in Hinduism. Many of the towers once housed statues of Hindu gods, some of which have been relocated to museums.
• Sacred Altars and Shrines: Alongside the temples, visitors can find various altars and shrines dedicated to different deities, particularly Shiva. The detailed carvings and bas-reliefs still visible on some structures depict important religious symbols and narratives from Hindu mythology.

Unique Cham Art and Sculptures

My Son is a masterpiece of Cham art, and its walls are adorned with carvings and sculptures that depict scenes of Hindu gods, such as Shiva, Vishnu, and Lakshmi, along with depictions of animals, celestial beings, and everyday life. These carvings offer valuable insight into the religious and artistic practices of the Champa people.

One of the most famous features of My Son is the Lingam (phallic stone), a symbol of Shiva, which was often placed in the sanctuaries of Hindu temples. Many of the temples also feature Yoni, representing the goddess Shakti and symbolizing fertility and creation.

Visiting My Son Sanctuary

How to Get There

From Hoi An

My Son Sanctuary is located about 40 kilometers (approximately 25 miles) southwest of Hoi An and can be reached by car, taxi, or bus. The journey typically takes 1.5 to 2 hours, depending on traffic.

• Private Car or Taxi: The most comfortable way to get to My Son is by private car or taxi. This option allows you to travel at your own pace and make stops along the way.
• Bus: There are buses that run from Hoi An to My Son, which is a more budget-friendly option. The bus ride typically takes about 1.5 hours.
• Motorbike: For more adventurous travelers, renting a motorbike is an excellent option. It gives you flexibility, and the ride offers scenic views of the Vietnamese countryside.
• Guided Tour: Many travel agencies in Hoi An offer guided tours to My Son, which may include transportation, a tour guide, and other services.

From Da Nang

My Son can also be accessed from Da Nang, which is approximately 70 kilometers (about 43 miles) north of the site. The journey typically takes around 2 hours by car or taxi.

Best Time to Visit My Son

The best time to visit My Son Sanctuary is during the dry season, from November to April, when the weather is cooler and more pleasant. The temperatures during the rainy season (May to October) can be hot and humid, making it less comfortable for exploration.

• Morning: It is advisable to visit in the early morning to avoid the heat and crowds. The site is typically less crowded in the morning, allowing for a more peaceful and reflective experience.
• Afternoon: The afternoon can also be a good time to visit, though it can get hotter, and there may be more visitors.

Entrance Fees

The entrance fee for My Son Sanctuary is typically around 150,000 VND (approximately $6-7 USD) for foreign visitors. There is an additional fee if you wish to hire a guide or audio guide.

Guided Tours

For those interested in learning more about the history and significance of the site, a local guide is highly recommended. The guides at My Son can offer valuable insights into the Champa civilization, Hindu mythology, and the architecture of the site. Many guides also provide context about the cultural importance of the site to the local Vietnamese people.

What to Do at My Son Sanctuary

Explore the Temples

• Walk through the different temple groups and marvel at the Cham architecture, intricate carvings, and sculptures. Each temple has its own history and significance.
• Don't miss the Shiva shrines and Lingam stones, which are key symbols of Hindu worship.

Photography

My Son Sanctuary is a photographer’s paradise. The combination of the ancient structures, lush surroundings, and unique carvings provides excellent opportunities for stunning photographs. The site’s remote location also offers beautiful natural backdrops for your pictures.

Attend Cultural Performances

At certain times of the year, visitors can enjoy traditional Cham dance performances at the entrance of the sanctuary. These performances showcase the cultural heritage of the Champa people and add an interactive experience to your visit.

Visit the Museum

At the entrance of My Son, there is a small museum that displays artifacts and historical information about the Champa Kingdom and My Son Sanctuary. Here, you can see sculptures, inscriptions, and other items that were recovered from the site.

Travel Tips for Visiting My Son

Wear Comfortable Shoes

The sanctuary involves walking and some light hiking, so it’s advisable to wear comfortable shoes, especially since the terrain can be uneven in places.

Bring Water and Sun Protection

The site can get hot, especially in the afternoon. Make sure to bring water, sunscreen, and a hat to stay hydrated and protected from the sun.

Respect the Site

Since My Son is a religious site, remember to show respect while visiting. Modest attire is recommended, and avoid loud behavior or actions that might disturb the peaceful atmosphere.

Combine with Other Attractions

My Son Sanctuary is located close to other significant cultural attractions:

• Hoi An Ancient Town: A UNESCO World Heritage site known for its charming architecture, markets, and traditional culture.
• Marble Mountains: A group of five marble and limestone hills near Da Nang, featuring caves, pagodas, and panoramic views.
• Cham Islands: A beautiful set of islands near Hoi An, ideal for a day trip with beaches and snorkeling opportunities.

My Son Sanctuary is a must-visit site for those interested in Vietnam’s ancient history, Hindu culture, and religious heritage. With its remarkable temples, intricate carvings, and lush surroundings, it offers an unforgettable glimpse into the world of the Champa Kingdom. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a cultural explorer, or simply someone seeking a tranquil escape in nature, My Son Sanctuary is an exceptional destination that should not be missed when traveling to Hoi An or Da Nang.