Pailin (Khmer: ប៉ៃលិន, Pailĭn [ˈpajlɨn]) is a province in western Cambodia at the northern edge of the Cardamom Mountains near the border of Thailand. This province is surrounded by Battambang province, and was officially carved out of Battambang to become a separate administrative division after the surrender of the Ieng Sary faction of the Khmer Rouge in 1996. Pailin is known to much of the world for having long been a stronghold of the Khmer Rouge, remaining under their control long after they were defeated in 1979 and serving from 1994 to 1998 as the capital of the Provisional Government of National Union and National Salvation of Cambodia. Within Cambodia, Pailin is known for its natural resources, namely precious gems and timber.

Top Attractions:

1. Phnom Yat and Phnom Koy: Explore the scenic hills of Phnom Yat and Phnom Koy, which offer panoramic views of the surrounding countryside. Visit temples, pagodas, and ancient ruins scattered across the hillsides, and enjoy hiking and picnicking in the lush forests.
2. Wat Phnom Koy: Discover Wat Phnom Koy, a historic Buddhist temple located atop Phnom Koy hill. Admire the temple's traditional Khmer architecture, ornate decorations, and serene atmosphere, and take in the breathtaking views from the hilltop.
3. Yeak Loam Lake: Relax by the tranquil waters of Yeak Loam Lake, a volcanic crater lake located in nearby Ratanakiri Province. Enjoy swimming, picnicking, and nature walks along the lakeshore, and explore the surrounding forests and wildlife.
4. Old French Colonial Buildings: Stroll through the town streets to admire the old French colonial buildings and architecture that reflect Pailin's colonial past. Explore landmarks such as the former governor's residence and the Pailin City Hall.
5. Pailin Gem Mines and Markets: Learn about Pailin's gemstone industry with a visit to local gem mines and markets. Explore gemstone markets like Pailin Gem Market to see a variety of precious stones, including rubies, sapphires, and zircons.
6. Phnom Kbal Romeas: Explore Phnom Kbal Romeas, a sacred mountain located near Pailin. Climb to the top of the hill to visit a pagoda and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.

Top Things to Do:

1. Nature Walks and Hiking: Explore the natural beauty of Pailin Province with nature walks and hiking trails. Discover hidden waterfalls, caves, and scenic viewpoints as you trek through the forests and hills.
2. Cultural Tours and Workshops: Immerse yourself in Pailin's rich cultural heritage with cultural tours and workshops. Learn about traditional Khmer customs, music, dance, and cuisine through guided tours, cultural performances, and hands-on workshops.
3. Birdwatching and Wildlife Viewing: Discover Pailin's diverse birdlife and wildlife with birdwatching and wildlife viewing tours. Visit protected areas like Phnom Kbal Romeas Wildlife Sanctuary to spot rare bird species and mammals like monkeys and deer.
4. Local Cuisine and Dining: Experience the flavors of Pailin with a taste of local cuisine and dining. Sample traditional Khmer dishes at local restaurants and eateries, and try specialties like Pailin's famous spicy chicken soup and grilled freshwater fish.
5. Market Visits and Shopping: Explore local markets in Pailin Province to shop for souvenirs, handicrafts, and local products. Visit markets like Pailin Old Market to browse through stalls selling gemstones, jewelry, textiles, and other traditional Khmer goods.
6. Relaxation and Wellness: Unwind and relax in the tranquil surroundings of Pailin Province with spa treatments, yoga sessions, and wellness retreats. Take advantage of the region's natural beauty and serene atmosphere to rejuvenate your body and mind.